![]() Object properties are displayed on their own lines and indented.The JSON syntax is highlighted with different colors.The JSON viewer improves readability of JSON data in several ways: The same can occur when opening a JSON file from disk. JSON data can be difficult to read when it's formatted as a single long, concatenated line of text. Sometimes a web server responds to HTTP requests by returning data encoded as JSON. The JSON viewer changes the returned JSON data to make it easier to read. This causes inconvenient discrepancies and edge cases.Use the JSON viewer to automatically format and syntax highlight JSON responses and files in browser tabs. ![]() JSON can't natively store dates, times, or geolocation points, so you need to decide on your own format for this information. The six supported data types omit many common kinds of value. This is not currently possible with standard JSON. In an ideal world, JSON parser implementations would be able to produce the structure shown above from input similar to the following: Returning to the blog post example from earlier, you could have a list of blog posts as follows:īoth posts have the same author but the information associated with that object has had to be duplicated. This often causes repetition that increases filesize. No Referencesįields can't reference other values in the data structure. This can lead to unintentionally malformed data structures. Is a required integer field, for example. ![]() ![]() JSON doesn't let you define a schema for your data. This can make JSON unsuitable for situations such as config files, where modifications are infrequent and the purposes of fields could be unclear. The lack of annotations reduces clarity and forces you to put documentation elsewhere. This makes it quick to parse and easy to work with but means there are drawbacks that can cause frustration. JSON is a lightweight format that's focused on conveying the values within your data structure. The equivalent functions in PHP are json_encode() A comma must follow each value, signifying the end of that key-value pair. You can nest objects to create cascading hierarchies. Each key has a value that can take any of the available data types. They're a collection of key-value pairs where the keys are strings, wrapped in double quotation marks. Objects - Objects are created by curly brackets.Arrays can contain any number of items and they can use all the supported data types. Each element in the list is separated by a comma. Arrays - An array is a simple list denoted by square brackets.Null - The null literal value can be used to signify an empty or omitted value.Booleans - The literal values true and false are supported.Most JSON parsing implementations assume an integer when there's no decimal point present. You can include a fractional component to denote a float. Numbers - Numbers are written as digits without quotation marks.Strings - Strings are written between double quotation marks characters may be escaped using backslashes.Six types of data can be natively represented in JSON: This means object hierarchies and relationships can be preserved during transmission, then reassembled on the receiving end in a way that's appropriate for the programming environment. These strings can be decoded into a range of basic data types, including numbers, booleans, arrays, and objects. The specification was eventually standardized as ECMA-404 in 2013. As a text-based format derived from JavaScript, JSON made it simpler to fetch and consume data within these applications. Back in the early 2000s, websites were beginning to asynchronously fetch extra data from their server, after the initial page load. JSON was originally devised by Douglas Crockford as a stateless format for communicating data between browsers and servers. We'll also cover some of JSON's limitations and the alternatives that have emerged. In this article, we'll explain what JSON is, how it expresses different data types, and the ways you can produce and consume it in popular programming languages.
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